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Supreme Court ruled against Scott Chief Justice William Taney ruled that blacks had no rights under the constitution which white people needed to respect.

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A second trial ruled in his favor in 1850, but the Missouri Supreme Court reversed the decision two years later, returning Scott to John Sanford, who had since purchased Scott from Emerson's widow.

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His argument in 1846 held that he was now a free black after his experience in the north.

After Emerson died and left his property-including his slaves-to his wife, Scott sued for his freedom. Later he and wife moved back to the area with the doctor.

Emerson took him to a free state, where he married a free black named Harriet. Peter Blow, Scott's owner, brought him to St. Attorney Roswell Field (father of the famous children's writer Eugene Field) joined a team of lawyers in the late 1840s to represent Dred Scott, suing for his freedom. Others worked through the legal system, hoping to find justice in the courts. Her home was burned several times before the Civil War. The Missouri Republican responded by merely refusing to publish her fervently antislavery columns, but others took stronger action. Horrified by slavery in Missouri, Gage directed her energies here toward abolition. She wrote extensively on feminism and temperance in the 1840s and 1850s for regional, national, and agricultural papers. Louis soon after chairing the 1853 National Women's Rights Convention in Cleveland. A women's rights leader and writer in Ohio, Gage moved to St. Later that year, a pro-slavery mob attacked the paper's office and killed Lovejoy.

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After a series of break-ins at the paper in 1837 and a judge publicly denouncing his views, Lovejoy moved to Alton, Illinois, where slavery was illegal since the Northwest Ordinance of 1787. Within two years pro-southern whites answered his antislavery editorials with threats against the paper's office. Louis in June of 1833 to be editor of the St. Abolitionists ran newspapers and aided fugitives fleeing to freedom. A group of them lynched mulatto Francis McIntosh12 in 1836, tying him to a tree and burning him alive. Pro-slavery folk encouraged the slave trade, supported the 1847 ban on educating African-Americans, and may have even owned slaves. Since white residents came here from different parts of the country, political values clashed. Blacks were subject to housing restrictions, curfews, bans on education, and prohibition from testifying in court against whites. While a 'black aristocracy' of merchants and professionals existed here by the late 1850s, their lives were far more restrictive than those of their white counterparts. Louis needed licenses to live in the city, and were banned from voting or testifying against whites in court. Slavery existed and flourished alongside free blacks. Some 2,000 hecklers shouted down auctioneers at a public sale on the steps of the Old Courthouse in 1861, stopping the practice for good in St. Louis, and a slave pen on Broadway adjacent to today's Busch Stadium. Its main competitor, Lynch's, operated its market on Locust on the current site of the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis was a major slave auctioning center during the 1850s, as buyers in the lower Mississippi River dealt with more than two dozen agents in the trade such as Corbin and Thompson on 6th between Pine and Chestnut. This mingling of slave and free heightened the issue of the peculiar institution and its abolition.

This regular contact with both north and south meant that free blacks and slaves walked the same streets, met the same people, and interacted with one another. Louis and other border cities like it had more frequent contact with slaves with known abilities. Businesses or individuals could 'rent' slaves with specific skills such as printing, blacksmithing, horse care, or carpentry. While larger plantations tended to be somewhat self-contained units requiring some skilled slaves, the vast majority were unskilled field workers. In the home of King Cotton, most slaves lived in plantation or farm settings, having little or no contact with free blacks. Urban slavery took on a character of its own. Louis were more complex than many other places because the city was located in a border state that permitted slavery.

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